SURAH (15) AL-HIJR (AYA 21 to 40)

وَإِنْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا عِنْدَنَا خَزَائِنُهُ وَمَا نُنَزِّلُهُ إِلَّا بِقَدَرٍ مَعْلُومٍ {15:21}

[Q15:21] Wa im min shai'in illaa 'indanaa khazaaa 'inuhoo wa maa nunazziluhooo illaa biqadarim ma'loom. 
[Q15:21] And there is not a thing but with Us are the treasures of it, and We do not send it down but in a known measure.

[Q15:21] Dan tidak ada sesuatupun melainkan pada sisi Kami sahaja perbendaharaannya dan Kami tidak menurunkannya melainkan dengan menurut kadar dan masa yang tertentu. 

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(15:21) There is not a thing whose treasures are not with Us, and We send down each thing in appropriate measure. *14

*14 This is to bring home the fact that it is not vegetable life alone that has a fixed limit to its growth, etc: The same is true of everything that exists, whether it be air, water, light, heat, cold, mineral, vegetable, animal or power or energy, in short, each and every thing exists in the prescribed quantity, number, etc. , which neither decreases nor increases. It is this "determined course", in each and every thing, which has produced appropriate balance and proportion in the entire system of the universe to such a perfection that one is led to the inevitable conclusion that the whole thing has been designed by its All-Wise Creator. For, had the universe come into existence by mere accident or had it been created by many gods, it was impossible to have such a perfect balance and appropriate proportion with perpetual consistence in so many different things and powers. 

وَأَرْسَلْنَا الرِّيَاحَ لَوَاقِحَ فَأَنْزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَأَسْقَيْنَاكُمُوهُ وَمَا أَنْتُمْ لَهُ بِخَازِنِينَ {15:22}

[Q15:22] Wa arsalnar riyaaha la waaqiha fa anzalnaa minas samaaa'i maaa'an fa asqai naakumoohu wa maaa antum lahoo bikhaazineen. 
[Q15:22] And We send the winds fertilizing, then send down water from the cloud so We give it to you to drink of, nor is it you who store it up.

[Q15:22] Dan Kami hantarkan angin sebagai pembawa air dan pemindah benih; maka dengan itu Kami menurunkan air (hujan) dari langit, kemudian Kami berikan kamu meminumnya; dan bukanlah kamu yang (berkuasa menurunkannya atau) menyimpannya. 

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(15:22) It is We Who send the fertilising winds: then We send down' water from heaven, and then We give it to you to drink; and it is not you who hold the store of this wealth.

وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ نُحْيِي وَنُمِيتُ وَنَحْنُ الْوَارِثُونَ {15:23}

[Q15:23] Wa innnaa la nahnu nuhyee wa numeetu wa nahnul waarisoon. 
[Q15:23] And most surely We bring to life and cause to die and We are the heirs.

[Q15:23] Dan sesungguhnya Kamilah yang menghidupkan dan yang mematikan dan Kamilah yang kekal memiliki segala-galanya. 

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(15:23) It is We Who give life and death and We will be the inheritors of all. *15

*15 It is to impress this: "your worldly life and all you possess are transitory and temporary, and Allah alone is Eternal. Your end shall come sooner or later, and you shall leave everything behind in this world, which will again become a part of Our treasure." 

وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَقْدِمِينَ مِنْكُمْ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَأْخِرِينَ {15:24}

[Q15:24] Wa la qad 'alimnal mustaqdimeena minkum wa laqad 'alimnal mustaakhireen. 
[Q15:24] And certainly We know those of you who have gone before and We certainly know those who shall come later.

[Q15:24] Dan sesungguhnya Kami telah mengetahui orang-orang yang segera (berbakti) di antara kamu dan sesungguhnya Kami telah mengetahui orang-orang yang lambat.

For "those who always hastened forward to fight in the cause of ALLAH (SWT) and those who used to lag behind" see commentary of Ali Imran 3:121, 122, 128, 140 to 142, 144, 151 to 156, 159 and 166 to 168 and al Bara-at 9:25 to 27.

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(15:24) We have full knowledge about those who lived before you, and We are keeping watch over their successors.

وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ ۚ إِنَّهُ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ {15:25}

[Q15:25] Wa inna Rabbaka Huwa yahshuruhum; innahoo Hakeem 'Aleem. 
[Q15:25] And surely your Lord will gather them together; surely He is Wise, Knowing.

[Q15:25] Dan sesungguhnya Tuhanmu, Dialah yang menghimpunkan mereka semuanya; sesungguhnya Dia Maha Bijaksana, lagi Maha Mengetahui. 

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(15:25) Most surely your Lord will gather them together for He is All-Wise, All-Knowing. *16

*16 "He is All-Wise", therefore His Wisdom demands that He should gather the whole of mankind and reward or punish each individual in accordance with his deeds. And "He is All-Knowing" : therefore no individual, whosoever he be, can escape from Him. As each and every particle of each and every individual is in His knowledge, He is able to bring the whole of mankind to life in the Hereafter. Thus anyone who denies "Life-in-the-Hereafter" is really ignorant of the Wisdom of Allah; and anyone who considers it impossible that those particles of the human body, which wen all scattered about, could again be brought together in the form of the body that was alive, is ignorant of the AllComprehensive knowledge and power of Allah. 

SECTION 3

Man’s creation---Satan’s arrogance

Man’s creation---Angels are ordered to prostrate in obeisance to Man---Satan’s arrogance---Satan driven away accursed---Satan respited until Day of Judgment---Satan’s enmity to Man---Satan denied authority over chosen devotees of ALLAH’s in Adam’s seed.

وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ مِنْ صَلْصَالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ {26}

[Q15:26] Wa laqad khalaqnal insaana min salsaalim min hama im masnoon.
[Q15:26] And certainly We created man of clay that gives forth sound, of black mud fashioned in shape.

[Q15:26] Dan sesungguhnya Kami telah menciptakan manusia (Adam) dari tanah liat yang kering, yang berasal dari tanah kental yang berubah warna dan baunya.  

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(15:26) We created Man from dried clay of rotten earth: *17

*17 The Arabic word "salsal" means the dried clay which produces a sound like pottery."
"Hams " is "the black mud which has become so rotten as to be in a fermented state."
"Masnun" has a double meaning: (a) "rotten clay which has become greasy" (b) clay which has been moulded into a shape." It is clear from the wording of the text that at first the image of man was made of clay from rotten earth and when it dried up, soul was breathed into it. Thus the Qur'an positively refutes the Darwinian theory of Evolution that man came into existence after passing through continuous genetic adaptations. It will, therefore, be a futile attempt, as some modernised commentators have done, to prove that theory from the Qur'an. 

وَالْجَانَّ خَلَقْنَاهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ مِنْ نَارِ السَّمُومِ {15:27}

[Q15:27] Waljaaanna khalaqnaahu min qablu min naaris samoom. 
[Q15:27] And the jinn We created before, of intensely hot fire.

[Q15:27] Dan jin pula, Kami jadikan dia sebelum itu, dari angin api yang panasnya. 

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(15:27) and before him We had created Jinn from the flame of heat. *18

*18 As `samum' is not wind, `nar-i-samum" will mean "flame of heat" ("intense heat") and not of "fin." This is the explanation of those passages in which it has been stated that jinns have been created from fire. 

وَإِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنِّي خَالِقٌ بَشَرًا مِنْ صَلْصَالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ {15:28}

[Q15:28] Wa iz qaala Rabbuka lilmalaaa'ikati innee khaaliqum basharam min salsaalim min hama im masnoon. 
[Q15:28] And when your Lord said to the angels: Surely I am going to create a mortal of the essence of black mud fashioned in shape.

[Q15:28] Dan (ingatkanlah peristiwa) ketika Tuhanmu berfirman kepada malaikat: Sesungguhnya Aku hendak menciptakan manusia dari tanah liat yang kering, yang berasal dari tanah kental yang berubah warna dan baunya.

Refer to the commentary of al Baqarah 2:30 to 38 for creation of Adam, ALLAH (SWT)'s order to the angels to fall down unto him prostrate AND THE refusal of Iblis.

°          According to Abdullah Yusuf Ali the name Iblis has in it the root-idea of desperateness and rebellion.

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(15:28) Then recall to mind the time when your Lord said to the angels, "I am going to create a man from dried clay of rotten earth.

فَإِذَا سَوَّيْتُهُ وَنَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِنْ رُوحِي فَقَعُوا لَهُ سَاجِدِينَ {15:29}

[Q15:29] Fa izaa sawwaituhoo wa nafakhtu feehi mir roohee faqa'oo lahoo saajideen.
[Q15:29] So when I have made him complete and breathed into him of My spirit, fall down making obeisance to him.

[Q15:29] Kemudian apabila Aku sempurnakan kejadiannya, serta Aku tiupkan padanya roh dari (ciptaanku) maka hendaklah kamu sujud kepadanya. 

(see commentary for verse 28)

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(15:29) When I have brought him to perfection and breathed of My spirit *19 into him, you should bow down before him all together."

*19 "....(when I have) breathed of My spirit into him....": "....(when I have) cast a reflection of My Divine characteristics on him.... " This shows that the soul of tnan implies "life, knowledge, power, will, discretion and other human characteristics in the aggregate. These are in reality a slight reflection of Divine characteristics that has been cast on the human body, which was originally created from dried clay. And it is this Divine reflection on the human body which has raised him to the position of the Vicegerent of Allah and made him that worthy being before whom angels and every earthly thing should bow down.
As a matter of fact, the source of each characteristic of everything is one Divine characteristic or the other, as is borne by a Tradition: `Allah divided Mercy into one hundred parts: then He reserved ninety-nine parts for Himself and sent down the remaining one part to the Earth. It is because of that one part that the creatures show mercy to one another. So much so that it is due to this that an animal refrains from placing the hoof on its young ones." 
In this connection one has to be on strict guard against the notion that the possession of a part of any Divine characteristic amounts to the possession of a part of Godhead. This is because Godhead is absolutely beyond the reach of each and every creation. 

فَسَجَدَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ كُلُّهُمْ أَجْمَعُونَ {15:30}

[Q15:30] Fasajadal malaaa'ikatu kulluhum ajma'oon. 
[Q15:30] So the angels made obeisance, all of them together,

[Q15:30] (Setelah selesai kejadian Adam) maka sujudlah sekalian malaikat, semuanya sekali, 

(see commentary for verse 28)

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(15:30) Accordingly all the angels bowed down

إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ أَبَىٰ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَعَ السَّاجِدِينَ {15:31}

[Q15:31] Illaaa ibleesa abaaa ai yakoona ma'as saajideen. 
[Q15:31] But Iblis (did it not); he refused to be with those who made obeisance.

[Q15:31] Melainkan Iblis; dia enggan turut bersama mereka yang sujud. 

(see commentary for verse 28)

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(15:31) except Iblis: he refused to join those who bowed down. *20

*20 Please compare this passage (vv. 30-43) with II: 30-39, IV: 117-120 and Vll: 11-25 and also refer to E.N.'s appended to these. 

قَالَ يَا إِبْلِيسُ مَا لَكَ أَلَّا تَكُونَ مَعَ السَّاجِدِينَ {15:32}

[Q15:32] Qaala yaaa Ibleesu maa laka allaa takoona ma'as saajideen.
[Q15:32] He said: O Iblis! What excuse have you that you are not with those who make obeisance?

[Q15:32] ALLAH (SwT) berfirman: Hai Iblis! Apa sebabnya engkau tidak turut bersama mereka yang sujud itu? 

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(15:32) The Lord said, "O Iblis! What is the matter with you that you have not joined those who have bowed down?"

قَالَ لَمْ أَكُنْ لِأَسْجُدَ لِبَشَرٍ خَلَقْتَهُ مِنْ صَلْصَالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ {15:33}

[Q15:33] Qaala lam akul li asjuda libasharin khalaqtahoo min salsaalim min hama im masnoon. 
[Q15:33] He said: I am not such that I should make obeisance to a mortal whom Thou hast created of the essence of black mud fashioned in shape.

[Q15:33] Iblis menjawab: Aku tidak patut sujud kepada manusia yang Engkau jadikan dia dari tanah liat yang kering, yang berasal dari tanah kental yang berubah warna dan baunya. 

IBLIS ARGUES THAT ADAM WAS MADE OF CLAY WHILE HE WAS MADE OF FIRE, BUT HE IGNORED THE FACT THAT ADAM HAD THE SPIRIT (RUH) OF ALLAH (SWT) BREATHED INTO HIM.

Ì  Adam was superior to all created beings at that time on account of reasons mentioned in the commentary of al Baqarah 2:30 to 38.

BECAUSE of his refusal to fall down unto Adam (and that which he represented) prostrate, Iblis was cursed and damned.

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(15:33) He replied, "It does not behove me to bow down before this man whom you have created from dried clay of rotten earth. 

قَالَ فَاخْرُجْ مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ رَجِيمٌ {15:34}

[Q15:34] Qaala fakhruj minhaa fa innaka rajeem. 
[Q15:34] He said: Then get out of it, for surely you are driven away:

[Q15:34] ALLAH (SwT) berfirman: Kalau demikian, keluarlah engkau daripadanya, kerana sesungguhnya engkau dari sekarang ke masa depan adalah (satu makhluk yang) diusir. 

(see commentary for verse 33)

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(15:34) The Lord said, "Get away from here, for you have become accursed:

وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكَ اللَّعْنَةَ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ {15:35}

[Q15:35] Wa inna 'alikal la'nata ilaa Yawmid Deen. 
[Q15:35] And surely on you is curse until the Day of Judgment.

[Q15:35] Dan sesungguhnya engkau ditimpa laknat terus-menerus hingga ke hari kiamat. 

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(15:35) the curse shall rest upon you till the Day of Retribution." *21.

*21 That is, "You shall remain accused up to the Resurrection. Then you shall be punished for your disobedience on the Day of Judgment."

قَالَ رَبِّ فَأَنْظِرْنِي إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ {15:36}

[Q15:36] Qaala Rabbi fa anzirneee ilaa Yawmi yub'asoon. 
[Q15:36] He said: My Lord! Then respite me till the time when they are raised.

[Q15:36] Iblis berkata: Wahai Tuhanku! Jika demikian, berilah tempoh kepadaku hingga ke hari mereka dibangitkan (hari kiamat).  

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(15:36) At this he requested, "My Lord! Then give me respite till that Day when mankind shall be resurrected."

قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ مِنَ الْمُنْظَرِينَ {15:37}

[Q15:37] Qaala fa innaka minal munzareen – 
[Q15:37] He said: So surely you are of the respited ones.

[Q15:37] ALLAH (SwT) berfirman: Dengan permohonanmu itu, maka sesungguhnya engkau dari golongan yang diberi tempoh. 

RESPITE WAS GRANTED TO IBLIS TILL THE DAY THE TRUMPET WILL BE BLOWN which will annihilate all living beings including Iblis before the Day of Judgement.

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(15:37) Allah said, "Well! You are given respite

إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْوَقْتِ الْمَعْلُومِ {15:38}

[Q15:38] Ilaa Yawmil waqtil ma'loom. 
[Q15:38] Till the period of the time made known.

[Q15:38] Hingga ke hari (masa) yang termaklum. 

(see commentary for verse 37)

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(15:38) till the Day of predestined time. "

قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَا أَغْوَيْتَنِي لَأُزَيِّنَنَّ لَهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَأُغْوِيَنَّهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ {15:39}

[Q15:39] Qaala Rabbi bimaaa aghwaitanee la uzayyinaana lahum fil ardi wa la ughwiyan nahum ajma'een,
[Q15:39] He said: My Lord! Because Thou hast made life evil to me, I will certainly make (evil) fair-seeming to them on earth, and I will certainly cause them all to deviate.

[Q15:39] Iblis berkata: Wahai Tuhanku! Kerana Engkau telah menjadikan daku sesat, (maka) demi sesungguhnya aku akan memperelokkan segala jenis maksiat kepada Adam dan zuriatnya di dunia ini dan aku akan menyesatkan mereka semuanya, 

THESE VERSES SAY THAT A VERY LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE SUCCUMB TO THE TEMPTATIONS OF IBLIS EXCEPT A HANDFUL OF SINCERE AND PURIFIED SERVANTS OF ALLAH (SWT). We know that the thoroughly purified servants of ALLAH (SWT) are only the Ahlul Bayt (Ahzab 33:33).

v  THE HOLY PROPHET (ALLAHUMA SALI ALA MUHAMMAD WA ALA ALI MUHAMMAD) AND HIS AHLUL BAYT ARE THE MUKHLISIN. 

°          Though they were sent in this world in the progeny of Adam, they are altogether a separate class of beings created of light and endowed with special divine attributes, THEREFORE the other children of Adam, whom he deceives without effort, cannot be compared to them.

°          From cradle to grave the mukhlisin remained free from every kind of sin, pollution or shortcomings.

°          They were the perfect models of godliness who always manifested divine attributes for the guidance of mankind in every age (see an-am ta alayhim in al Fatihah 1:7).

°          Being the thoroughly purified souls, free from any evil influence, they were beyond the reach of devilish allurements. When a soul attains such excellence ALLAH (SWT) takes it under His mercy and grace which protect it under all circumstances.

The fate of the unjust who fall prey to his plotting has been described in his own words in verse 14:22 of Ibrahim.

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(15:39) Iblis replied, "Lord, because Thou hast beguiled me, I will create allurements for them *22 and seduce them

*22 That is, "Thou hast beguiled me by commanding me to bow down before a creature who is inferior to me: for it is obvious that I could not obey such an order. Therefore, I will now beguile them and disobey Thee." In other words, Iblis meant to say, "I will make the worldly life, its enjoyments and its transitory benefits so alluring for man that he will forget the responsibilities of the Vicegerent of Allah, and that he shall have to render his account in the Hereafter. They will also forget Thee ar will disobey Thee, even though they would profess to remember Thee." 

إِلَّا عِبَادَكَ مِنْهُمُ الْمُخْلَصِينَ {15:40}

[Q15:40] Illaa 'ibaadaka minhumul mukhlaseen. 
[Q15:40] Except Thy servants from among them, the devoted ones.

[Q15:40] Kecuali di antara zuriat-zuriat Adam itu hamba-hambaMu yang dibersihkan dari sebarang syirik. 

(see commentary for verse 39)

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(15:40) except those of Thy servants whom Thou hast chosen for Thyself from amongst them. "